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X-RAY MAGAZINE FEATURE

Conscious Fish?

For decades, the question of whether fish feel pain has been stalled by a deeper, largely unexamined assumption: that fish, along with other “low”, “cold” animals, are not conscious. This raises an immediate contradiction, for how can a creature experience pain without being aware of it?

Words:
Ila France Porcher
Images:
Common lionfish
➥ Download the full article as pdf ⬅︎
Ecology & Science

Pain, by its very nature, is a subjective experience—something felt. To argue that fish feel pain, but are not conscious, is to separate sensation from awareness in a way that collapses under scrutiny.

X-RAY MAGAZINE FEATURE

The Perfect Dive Liveaboard

What makes a dive liveaboard perfect? Simon Pridmore takes a closer look and offers insights and tips for choosing the right dive liveaboard for you.

Words:
Simon Pridmore
Images:
Recreational scuba diving liveaboard
➥ Download the full article as pdf ⬅︎
Tech and Training

The spoiler in this column comes right at the beginning. There is no such thing as a perfect dive liveaboard. At least, I have never come across one, and I have been travelling on dive liveaboards pretty much ever since they became a thing.

The genesis of this article stems from the aftermath of a wonderful liveaboard trip, where the manifold inadequacies of the vessel my wife and I were travelling on were more than made up for by the positivity and camaraderie among our group, and the quality of the diving.

X-RAY MAGAZINE FEATURE

Shoot Down This Myth

A routine dive trip ended in tragedy for a newly certified, inexperienced diver. The novice did not die from illness or extreme conditions, but from a series of preventable oversights, misplaced assurances and long-standing assumptions about what beginners can safely manage. Simon Pridmore debunks these myths and offers practical advice on how to avoid such casual negligence.

Words:
Simon Pridmore
Images:
Simon Pridmore
➥ Download the full article as pdf ⬅︎
Op'eds and commentaries

I have chosen to dedicate a column to this story, not because it is particularly dramatic, but because it is so mundane. A diver died, not through illness or because they did something wrong, and not as the result of a freak weather event, but simply due to a sequence of instances of casual negligence and the perpetuation of a myth about what new divers are qualified to do that needs to be debunked.

2024 NOGI Recipient for Education Acceptance Speech

I would not be here without the support and help of an army of giants.   —Jeff Bozanic

Op'eds and commentaries

I’d like to thank the Academy for having me here tonight.  I am truly honored to be here and to receive the NOGI for Education.  I am humbled as you add my name to the ranks of those I consider my mentors, role models, and heroes.

I would not be here without the support and help of an army of giants.  My early instructors and mentors; John Reseck, Jr., who also presented me with my medal this evening, John Wozny, and the Santa Ana College Dive Club, all of who guided and supported me as I became a dive instructor.

“It was always, all about the training”

After thirty years of scuba diving, how relevant was that training? 

Op'eds and commentaries

All through my diving career, I have been aware of the value of training, currency, and constant practice of safety drills. Too often, I have seen experienced divers get into serious difficulty because they failed to manage a minor issue. An issue that their training had equipped them to solve easily. Conversely, I have always had respect for the diver who dedicates his first dive on a liveaboard to a gentle skills practice. 

Subscribe to Op'eds

Latest updates

Buddy Dive Launches Bonaire Shore Diver Specialty Course
10 Aug, 2026 - 22:10
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Seagrass Meadows Outperform Coral Reefs for Nutritious Food Fish
7 Aug, 2026 - 20:06
Resting sperm whales blowing bubbles
Sperm Whales Blow Bubbles to sleep soundly
7 Aug, 2026 - 20:04
Bottle
Divers find 162-year-old Guinness in shipwreck off the English coast
7 Aug, 2026 - 16:10
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Reviews

Books & Media

Secret Seas

Professional underwater photographer, Paul Flandinette and marine scientist and underwater photographer Michel Claereboudt take the reader on a breathtaking journey of discovery into Oman's underwater world.

Book cover
Review
Books
Books & Media

Technically Speaking

Simon Pridmore's aim in writing this book was to examine and record where technical diving came from, how it developed, how it expanded across the world, who the important movers were and how the efforts of a few determined people changed our little field of human endeavour forever.

Technically Speaking
Works by Our Contributors
Review
Books
Simon Pridmore
Books & Media

Scuba Diving Operational Risk Management

An SAS approach to principles, techniques and application in recreational and technical diving.

Book cover
Review
Books
Books & Media

Marine Life of the North Sea and English Channel

Lawson Wood’s Marine Life of the North Sea and English Channel is an extensive guide dedicated to the exploration and understanding of the diverse marine ecosystems found between the British Isles and the coasts of northern France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway and southern Sweden.

Cover  Marine LIfe of the North Sea and English Channel
Works by Our Contributors
Review
Books
Lawson Wood
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About X-Ray Mag

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Compiled by an international network of top dive editors and world-class underwater photographers, X-RAY MAG is the planet's only truly global premier dive lifestyle magazine. Subscription and downloads are free. Published since 2003.

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AquaScope Media ApS - Copenhagen - © 2026

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