Australian researchers have developed and tested new wetsuit materials designed to reduce injuries from shark bites. The results suggest that bite-resistant fabrics could lessen blood loss and tissue damage for surfers, divers, and swimmers—but they cannot prevent all injuries, nor replace safe behaviour in the water.

Textiles

Scientists at Flinders University tested two high-performance textiles—one incorporating ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibre and another blending neoprene with tougher protective weaves. These materials were subjected to controlled bite tests using white sharks off South Australia. Compared with standard neoprene, the new fabrics showed significantly less tearing and lower penetration depth.

Findings

While none of the materials could completely stop a shark’s bite force, the reinforced suits consistently reduced cuts and punctures, especially in the thighs and arms, which are common injury sites. Researchers say the main benefit is in reducing blood loss and tissue damage, giving victims a better chance of survival until rescue.

Not shark-proof

Lead author Dr Charlie Huveneers cautioned that the wetsuits are “not shark-proof” but represent a step forward in personal protection. Although internal and crushing injuries might still occur, bite-resistant materials offer an improved level of protection that can reduce severe wounds and blood loss, and should be considered as part of the toolbox and measures available to reduce shark-bite risk and resulting injuries.

The research team is working with industry partners to refine the materials for commercial production. Wider trials will be needed to confirm performance in real-world conditions and to assess comfort, flexibility, and cost for recreational users.